Bias: A consistent tendency to favor one perspective over another, which can result in unfair judgments and decisions. Bias can be conscious or unconscious and affects how we perceive and interpret information.

Blind Spot Bias: The inability to recognize our own biases while easily spotting them in others. This can prevent self-awareness and hinder personal growth.

Bandwagon Effect
‍The tendency to adopt a belief or behavior because others are doing so, often leading to conformity and a lack of independent thinking.

‍Cognitive Bias: A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. These biases can lead to misinterpretations and flawed conclusions in specific situations.

Confirmation Bias: This occurs when we seek out, interpret, and remember information that aligns with our existing beliefs, often ignoring contradictory evidence. It reinforces our preconceptions and can cloud our judgment.

Conformity Bias
‍The tendency to align our attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors with those of a group, even if we personally disagree. This can suppress individuality and critical thinking.

‍Dunning-Kruger Effect
‍A cognitive bias where individuals with low ability at a task overestimate their ability, while those with high ability may underestimate their competence. This can lead to misjudgments about one’s own capabilities.

‍Egocentric Bias
‍The tendency to rely heavily on our own perspectives and experiences when evaluating situations, leading us to misjudge how others may perceive events.

Empathy Gap: The inability to accurately predict our future emotional states or responses, leading us to underestimate the impact of emotional experiences on decision-making.

‍Framing Effect: How information is presented can significantly influence our perception and decisions. Different presentations of the same data can lead to different conclusions.

Fundamental Attribution Error: The tendency to overemphasize personal characteristics and underestimate situational factors when evaluating others’ behavior, leading to biased interpretations of their actions.

Groupthink: A phenomenon where the desire for group harmony overrides critical thinking, resulting in poor decision-making and the suppression of dissenting opinions.

‍Halo Effect: This bias occurs when our overall impression of a person or situation influences our judgments about their specific traits. For example, if we view someone as likable, we may also perceive them as more competent than they actually are.

Implicit Bias: Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions without us even realizing it. These biases can lead to unintentional discrimination.

In-group Bias: The tendency to favor individuals within our own group (e.g., social, cultural, or professional) over those in out-groups, leading to preferential treatment and unfair judgments.

Just-World Hypothesis: The belief that people generally get what they deserve, which can lead to biased judgments about social outcomes and a lack of empathy for those who are struggling.

‍Knowledge Bias: The tendency to prefer information that confirms our prior knowledge or beliefs, often at the expense of considering new or contradictory data. This can limit our understanding and growth.

‍Locus of Control Bias: This bias involves attributing successes and failures to internal or external factors, affecting how we perceive our own agency and responsibility in various situations.

‍Motivated Reasoning: The process of interpreting information in a way that aligns with our desires and preferences, leading to biased conclusions that support our viewpoints.

Negativity Bias: The inclination to give more weight to negative experiences or information than to positive ones. This bias can skew our perceptions and affect our overall outlook.

‍Overconfidence Bias: The phenomenon where our confidence in our judgments exceeds the actual accuracy of those judgments. This can lead to risky decisions based on an inflated sense of certainty.

Optimism Bias: The belief that bad things are less likely to happen to us compared to others, leading to unrealistic risk assessments.

‍Projection Bias: The tendency to assume that others share our beliefs, values, and feelings, which can lead to misunderstandings and misjudgments about their perspectives.

‍Question Framing: The way a question is worded can significantly affect the responses it elicits. This can lead to different interpretations and outcomes in surveys or discussions.

‍Recency Effect: The tendency to remember the most recently presented information better than earlier data. This bias can shape our decisions, often leading us to prioritize fresh data over older, but potentially more relevant, information.

‍Sunk Cost Fallacy: This bias occurs when we continue a behavior or endeavor due to previously invested resources (time, money, or effort), rather than evaluating its current value or potential.

Self-Serving Bias: The habit of attributing positive events to our own character while attributing negative events to external factors. This can distort our self-image and hinder personal accountability.

‍Tipping Point Bias: The tendency to overlook gradual changes until a significant shift occurs. This bias can lead to a failure to recognize important trends over time.

‍Unconscious Bias: Automatic judgments and attitudes that occur without our awareness. These biases can significantly influence our interactions and decisions.

‍Vicarious Bias: The tendency to adopt the biases and attitudes of others, particularly when we observe their reactions or opinions. This can influence our own beliefs and judgments.

Wishful Thinking: The inclination to believe that something can happen simply because we want it to, leading to unrealistic expectations and biased outlooks.

‍Xenophobia: A bias characterized by irrational fear or dislike of people from different cultures or countries. This can manifest in discriminatory attitudes and behaviors.

‍Yearning for Consistency: The desire to maintain a coherent belief system often leads us to interpret new information in a way that aligns with our existing views, even if it distorts reality.

Zeigarnik Effect: The tendency to remember uncompleted tasks better than completed ones, which can affect how we prioritize tasks and influence our decision-making processes.